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Description
Niosomes are nonionic surfactant vesicles that help in the effective delivery of both hydrophilic & hydrophobic drugs by incorporating them within their inner aqueous core and outer lipophilic layer, respectively. Its nonionic character help in providing the non-toxic and nonimmunogenic character, while its surfactant nature helps enhance the solubility of the poorly soluble drug (BCS Class II & IV). These nonionic carriers are more stable, non-toxic, and more easily feasible than other formulations (liposomes). Moreover, its cheap cost of production leads to more demand than liposomes or other solid lipid nanoparticles. This niosomal formulation has a large amenable surface which leads to the attachment of several ligands for enhanced specificity and targeted drug delivery. Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases leading to the death of millions of individuals worldwide. The primary concern regarding cancer is its expensive and nonspecific treatment which leads to several side effects. Targeted drug delivery is one of the suitable methods for effectively delivering chemotherapeutics specifically to malignant cells without harming normal cells. The targeting has been accomplished with the help of selecting suitable ligands to target the specific receptors present over the malignant cells, such as CD44, EGFR, etc. The most recent advancement has been developed using niosomal suspension by incorporating dual drug-loaded and dual receptor-targeted niosome. These niosomal formulations deliver the drug at the desired site, induce anti-tumor activity, and reduce the tumor size. Moreover, incorporating anti-angiogenic ligands inhibits angiogenesis and shuts down its nutrition supply to malignant cells. These techniques are continuously evolving for the pavement of a better future path regarding cancer treatment.