With the increasing resistance towards conventional artemisinin antimalarial, there is an urgent need to discover or re-purpose various leads from natural as well as synthetic chemical spaces. Herein, we have investigated the total phytochemical pool of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. (AL) plant having a minimum of 50 phytochemical belonging to the phytochemical class of Flavonoids, terpenoid,...
In the synthesis of novel therapeutics one can aid them by using the use of proteins and peptides. Unfortunately, their macromolecular natures restrict them their utilities in drug delivery applications. Nanocarriers aids in lowering these restrains in applications in drug delivery and assists in increased bioavailability and the delivery of therapeutic biomacromolecules like proteins and...
Prion disease is a fatal, incurable neurodegenerative disease of humans and other mammals caused by conversion of cellular prion protein (PrPc) into a self-propagating neurotoxic conformer (PrPSc). The most prevalent instance of prion disease, also known as human prion disease, is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). It is a rare, contagious neurodegenerative disorder involves epigenetic...
A Review Article on Hyperlipidemia: Types, Treatments and New Drug Targets
Adrija Sarkar*, Ashok Pattnaik
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology,
Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra,
Ranchi, Jharkhand, India, 835215
Email: [email protected]
Abstract:
Hyperlipidemia is a medical condition characterized by an increase in one or more of the plasma lipids, including...
The main haemoglobin that forms during the gestation period is Fetal Haemoglobin(HbF). But this globin chain is replaced and is taken over by adult haemoglobin. Sometimes this switch from fetal to adult fails to occur leading to production of HbF as in case of sickle cell anaemia. It is also observed that HbF expression is also seen under malignant condition, in DNA methylation, HbF inducing...
Aim
To unveil the molecular targets of gallbladder cancer and their natural drug candidates
Background
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies of gastrointestinal tract and its treatment remains a challenge. Because of the side-effects and resistance to existing chemotherapies, exploring the natural alternatives has become crucial. Previous in-vitro studies...
Nanotechnology, an innovative strategy, is a recent and quickly emerging field in pharmaceutical and medical research. Applications of nanotechnology in plant systems, or “Phyto-nanotechnology,” have gained considerable interest as it improves therapeutic advantages. Albumin, a versatile distinctive protein because of its various properties like high compatibility, non-immunogenicity,...
Since the past several decades, poor water solubility of existing and new drugs in the pipeline has remained a challenging issue for the pharmaceutical industry. These compounds have high therapeutic potential but are difficult to formulate as oral dosage forms due to their poor aqueous solubility. The use of conventional approaches such as solubilizing agents, salt formation, complexing...
Gut microbiota plays an important role in the onset of cancer, immunological, neurodegenerative, gastrointestinal, metabolic disorders. The goal of reversing an established microbial dysbiosis is mainly done through various innovative approaches like Probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. Although it should be emphasized that there are concerns...
A number of advancements have been made in wound healing science. Over the past few years, there has been an increase in the topic of wound healing which has gained more attention in recent years. Underlying immunological disease complications such as diabetes mellitus can lead to fatal presentations. Currently, there are very few medications and formulations available for wound healing...
Abstract:
Aim: A simple, sensitive, rapid, reliable, and cost-effective HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation of "Amlodipine" and "Moxonidine" in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form was developed and validated. Since combined drug formulations are so important in medical science these days, it is critical to standardize the product using modern analytical techniques.
Methodology: This...
Most of the new chemical entities (NCEs) that are being developed suffers from poor physicochemical properties like low solubility, low permeability which in turn results in poor and erratic bioavailability. In order to improve the poor physicochemical properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API’s), various approaches like salt formation, particle size reduction, the addition of...
The science of nanotechnology has seen incredible progress in the recent years and has opened up new avenues of possibilities in the field of engineering, biomedical science, drug-delivery, chemical industry and environmental research process. In this regard, ‘green’ synthesis has gained widespread attention as a reliable, sustainable, non-toxic, economical and eco-friendly alternative for...
Breast cancer is an outrageous metabolic ailment affecting women both globally and nationally. The conventional chemotherapeutic agents are administered in combination (drug cocktails) to target the multiple 2-8 pathways responsible for survival of cancer cells. The other drawbacks include non-specificity, higher toxicity, parenteral route of administration, etc. that make the treatment...
Today, the whole world is facing the problem of resistant microbial infections, wherein, tuberculosis (TB) is not the exception. TB has drastically been observed for resistant infections such as multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) infections. In present study, we have synthesized 10 new hydrazones using greener and eco-friendly synthesis using...
Respiratory system and nervous system are intimately connected with each other in such a way that respiratory dysfunction can directly or indirectly lead to damages in the cerebral vasculature resulting in central nervous system (CNS)-related disorders. In the current day and age, abundant air pollution can exacerbate diseases in the respiratory system. Among the different air pollutants the...
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes Mellitus are usually coexists and synergistically increase the risk of cardiovascular complications. Aim of the presented work to understand mechanism involve in progression of this coexistence and provide an insight towards treatment strategies and clinical implications.
METHODS: Literature was collected from PubMed, Medline,...
Abstract :Any medical equipment must get a marketing authorisation from a regulatory authority before it can be sold. Obtaining authorization is a lengthy, multi-step process that requires relevant authorities to review material. After analysing the information given by the Manufacturer, the concerned Regulatory authority provides marketing authorization. Manufacturers in the United States...
Murraya koenigii is a sub-tropical tree in the family Rutaceae, native to Asia. It has three carbazole alkaloids mahanine, mahanimbicine and mahanimbine as one of the remarkable chemical classes related to the improvement of the healing process. Comparative study of Murraya koenigii leaf extract ointment with standard Megaheal gel on excision wound model in mice. Excision wound model in...
Environmental pollution is a concerning risk factor for worldwide morbidity and mortality as it has a unique connection with respiratory diseases. Gaseous pollutants like nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide and other particulate matter majorly contribute to the environmental pollution. Cigarette smoke constitutes these gaseous pollutants and affects both active and passive...
In recent times have seen the term "obesity" used to describe a condition where a person has turned into a diseased vessel. Because it resembles the pathology of fatal diseases, the internal pathology of obesity is too mysterious. Numerous organizations have declared a simultaneous epidemic of obesity and the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) after observing their escalation in the recent...
Tetracyclic triterpenoids called cucurbitacins, which are very oxidized compounds, are commonly used in traditional Chinese cures(Cucurbitaceae family), have potent antineoplastic activity. Cucurbitacins have more than 200 types of cucurbitacins derivatives. Cucurbitacin has 30 carbon skeleton which is a cucurbitane kind of saponin that is tetracyclic ring. Alphabetically from A to T...
Abstract
To date, wound healing remains a challenging clinical process due to its multifaceted process occurring in four phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Persistence of any of these stages leads to delayed or untimely healing of wounds or relapse, commonly known as chronic wounds. There are several concurrent diseases that prevent the...
ABSTRACT
Ten novel 2-substituted imidazole analogs were designed, according to Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies. Molecular docking studies and predictive Absorption, Dissolution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) studies were performed on the above-designed compounds. Molecular docking studies were performed in the active site of HIV-1- reverse transcriptase PDB ID:...
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are typically progressive, chronic and they cause damage to the peripheral nervous system or the central nervous system in some cases. According to the WHO, NDs are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the number of people affected by NDs is expected to more than triple in the next 30 years. In most cases, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the main...
Holi colours (gulal) have been used traditionally in India for several years. Due to recent trends, gulal has reached the international market in Europe and the USA. These mesmerizing colours have found their use for both religious and entertainment purposes. Despite having a surge of demand in the market, the labeling of the ingredients is not clear. Often times there is no scientific...
Drug and its Chirality: Therapeutic Correlation
Shweta1, Ghosh Manik*1
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology,
Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, INDIA
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
The potency, pharmacological activity, metabolism, plasma disposition, toxicity, and excretion kinetics of an isomer of a physiologically active molecule might...
In this modern era, pharmaceutical scientist throughout the world is trying to explore thin films as a novel drug delivery tool. In different sectors like pharmaceuticals, food industry, papers, textiles etc., have abundant use of polymers but in recent time biopolymers are being mostly used rather than the synthetic non-biodegradable polymers.
There are many natural polysaccharides studied...
In the last decade, there has been an increase in the production of environmentally friendly materials, which tends to decrease the effect of humans on the environment. Because of its greater availability, relatively inexpensive, and total composability without toxic components, starch has recently gained popularity as an agro-sourced polymer. Starch is modified to suit its utility in the...
The third most prevalent type of cancer in women is cervical cancer, which appears in the cervix. The cervix is the opening from the vagina into the womb. A cancerous tumour that develops from cervix cells may lead to cervical cancer. The precancerous condition known as dysplasia is the first sign of cervical cancer, which progresses quite slowly. Malignant tumour is a cancerous tumour capable...
Breast cancer became the world’s most prevalent cancer surpassing lung cancer and presented great challenges because of the unavailability of effective treatment strategy. Hence, a gene therapy-based cancer treatment strategy can offer the privilege of more targeting accuracy and fewer side effects. In this technique, small fragments of oligonucleotides (non-coding RNAs such as miRNA, siRNA...
Erythropoietin (EPO)is a glycoprotein hormone which is mainly secreted by the kidney peritubalar cell when there is low blood oxygen level. It helps in RBC production.
EPO has been successfully used for over a decade to treat anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. But up to 10% of patients receiving EPO are hyporesponsive to therapy and require large doses of the agent.The...
In the modern world, dementia is a major age-related neurodegenerative disorder, which has been encountered by around 55 million people with a sharp increase of 10 million new cases each passing year. This neurological issue is mainly occurred due to the generation of reactive oxygen species, formation of beta-amyloid plaque, decrease in acetylcholine or overproduction of acetylcholine...
Nowadays solid dispersion is one of the popular strategies for enhancing solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. A variety of methods are used to develop the formulation of solid dispersion using drugs and carriers in different ratios. The selection of carrier and solvent should be compatible with the drug. First, the pre-formulation studies of drugs and polymers are carried...
Microsponges have become research of interest in the recent times due to its extremely porous matrix, non-collapsible nature, highly cross-linked structure, improved stability, high drug entrapment efficiency, and controlled drug release. Verbascoside is a water soluble phenylpropanoid glycoside which have shown potential antimicrobial activity. The present study is designed to formulate the...
In diabetic patients delayed wound healing and chronic wounds are major complications that have been a reason of serious concern. A decrease in the proliferation and migration of different cells like keratinocytes and fibroblasts are considered to be the major reason behind the development of such wounds. Thereby, designing a wound dressing patch using a biodegradable hydrogel which can...
Verbascoside is a phenylethanoid glycoside that shows several biological activities including anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory activity. The drug increases keratinocyte migration due to which it can inhibit inflammation, hence it can be considered as a potential candidate for wound healing when applied topically. But the biggest challenge with verbascoside is its low skin permeability which...
Since several decades, our healthcare burden has been increased due to tremendous cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) infections, especially in tropical countries. In the present study, we have synthesized ten hydrazides with the use of the greener Chitosan-derived catalyst. This catalyst accomplished the said condensation reaction within...
Abstract:
Benzotriazole, a pharmaceutically and medicinally important heterocyclic scaffold, is known for its wider pharmacological potentials, including but not limited to antimicrobial, anti-cancer, and antifungal, etc. activities. We herein established anti-HIV-1 (the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) activities for a set of newly designed benzotriazoles using...
Abstract:
Triazole is a heterocyclic compound, containing a five-membered ring of two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with formula C2H3N3. Triazoles exhibit substantial isomerism, counting on the positioning of the nitrogen atoms within the ring. One of its two potential isomers, 1, 2, 4- triazole, is (wonder nucleus) and has practically all biological activity like antimicrobial,...
Abstract:
Benzimidazole, a fused heterocycle bearing benzene and imidazole has gained considerable attention of medicinal chemists throughout the world. The moiety is of substantial importance because of its wide array of pharmacological activities including but not limited to antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimalarial, and antitubercular activity, etc....
Abstract:
Heterocyclic compounds containing the five-membered oxadiazole nucleus have a diversity of useful biological effects, substituted 1,3,5-oxadiazole moieties possess interesting activities such as analgesic, antimicrobial, antitubercular, anticonvulsant and anti-hepatitis B viral activities. The main objective is to report the study of a series of substituted 1,3,5-oxadiazole...
The WHO database shows that Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become an epidemic worldwide due to its pathogenicity and virulence, which have magnified its infectiousness. The situation becomes grimmer with the prevalence of MDR-TB, XDR-TB, emergence of cross-resistance, ineffectiveness of novel therapeutic targets, failure of novel medications in clinical trials, currently available drugs losing...
Hydrogels have become a formulation of interest in recent years due to their biodegradability, compatibility with natural tissue, and controlled drug release. The formation of a polymeric network-like arrangement within the gel matrix which is water-swellable in nature allows efficient entrapment and release of active ingredients. Clerodendrum glandulosum (CG) has been reported to have...
Abstract
Disease associated with the cardiovascular problem is the foremost cause of lethality in the world, and people having hyperlipidaemia are twice the risk of developing CVD as compared to those with normal lipid levels. High level of lipid in the blood causes deposition of plaques in the artery wall and blocking the blood flow. Therefore, early detection and cure is necessary to...
Wound healing has gotten a lot of attention in recent years. Immunological diseases, such as diabetes, cause complications that can lead to death. There are few wound care medications and formulations available. In this study, Grewia asiatica linn. leaves extract was tested for wound healing activities in a series of in vitro and in vivo studies. This includes phytochemical screening to...
Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is preferentially expressed as a low-activity dimer over the active tetramer in proliferating tumor cells, resulting in metabolic reprogramming to achieve high energy requirements and nutrient uptake. This leads to a shift from the normal glycolytic pathway causing tumor cells to proliferate uncontrollably.
This study utilizes knowledge-based drug discovery to...
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by Human Immunodeficiency viruses, which consist of two species of lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus). AIDS is a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive. Without treatment, the average survival time after infection with HIV is estimated to...
Microneedles are the type of micron scaled transdermal delivery system devices used to administer vaccines, drugs and other therapeutic agents. These microneedles are usually made from the hydrogel forming material which is solid in the dry state, can penetrate the stratum corneum layer of the skin then quickly absorbs the fluid from the viable skin and swell to form a more jelly like...
The development of new drugs with therapeutic applications is one of the most complex and difficult process in the modern pharmaceutical industry. Computer-aided or in silico design is being utilized to expedite and facilitate hit identification, hit-to-lead selection, optimize the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity profile and avoid safety issues. Molecular docking...
ABSTRACT:
The study aims to identify suitable nanocarrier systems for encapsulation of polyphenols for protection against various cardiovascular diseases. Data was collected from databases including PubMed and Google Scholar to identify the total number to work done on various polyphenols utilizing nanotechnology as an approach for maximizing their therapeutic potential. The reports collected...
Abstract:
Flavonoids are highly used natural phenolic compounds, which have shown potential role in wound healing. Many preclinical studies have indicated that these flavonoids are one of the most promising and important group of natural compounds which can be used to treat acute as well as chronic wounds. Flavonoids show such excellent properties due to the presence of hydroxyl groups in...
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide and hypertension is one of the major cause that is find to be in continuous relationship in precipitating disease. Hypertension is a chronic elevation of blood pressure,that causes serious damage to renal, cerebral, and vascular system. It has been estimated that around 1.28 billion people worldwide have been found to suffer...
Niosomes are nonionic surfactant vesicles that help in the effective delivery of both hydrophilic & hydrophobic drugs by incorporating them within their inner aqueous core and outer lipophilic layer, respectively. Its nonionic character help in providing the non-toxic and nonimmunogenic character, while its surfactant nature helps enhance the solubility of the poorly soluble drug (BCS Class II...
In the last decade, various research work and review articles are being reported showing the importance of niosomes and their advantages over the other vesicular formulations. Niosomes are vesicular structure that is made up of non-ionic surfactant, cholesterol, and sometimes charged inducers. The non-ionic surfactants assemble among themselves to form the bilayer vesicular structure. The...
GOLDEN JUBILEE CELEBRATION 2022
POSTER COMPETITION
BIT MESRA
NOVEL BIOTHERAPEUTIC APPROACH IN COMBATING RESURRECTION OF COVID-19 Purnima Mahto, Deepika Kumari, Monika Dwivedi (Corresponding Author)
In the last two decades, many viruses have caused disease outbreaks in various parts of the world. That also includes SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) which was reported epidemic in 2002–2003....
Context and Rationale: Quercetin (QCE), a flavonoid found in foods, is a member of the polyphenol family and is derived mainly from plant and fruit sources. QCE is a natural antioxidant that suppresses the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside the cellular microenvironment. Therefore, it may treat various medical conditions, including cancer, infections,...
The water-soluble phenolic compounds known as phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are found in a variety of medicinal plants. Over 572 PhGs have been discovered and characterised as of June 2020. They are distinguished by a phenethyl alcohol component joined by a glycosidic bond to a β-glucopyranose/β-allopyranose. PhGs are significant in medicinal chemistry research due to their exceptional...
Dosage forms of drug contain various excipients along with Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) to make a complete dosage form and assist in manufacturing process. Advancement in drug delivery technology led to use of these excipients in novel dosage form to fulfil the criteria of specific functions like extent and/or rate of drug release and absorption. As plant polysaccharides comply with...
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a group of ailments of the gastrointestinal tract that are either chronic or relapsing in nature. Although it has affected one-third of the global population, currently no particular treatment is available. Also, the complex pathophysiology of the disease is yet unexplored. The spectrum of FGIDs affects the quality of life causing a huge amount...
Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) are core-shell nanostructures, which comprise cores of polymer and lipid shells, that demonstrate the properties of polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes, especially regarding physical stability and biocompatibility. LPHNPs overcome the limitations such as structural disintegration and the short circulation time of lipid nanocarriers. This study aims...
Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative old aged, unalterable, complex and progressive disease in nature which causes around 70% of dementia cases in worldwide. According to WHO, around 55 million people are currently suffering with Alzheimer’s disease throughout the world. The presently approved therapies like cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonists provide only...
Acetazolamide (ACZ) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor primarily indicated for glaucoma and used as an ancillary therapy for epilepsy, diuresis, and high-altitude sickness, and edema caused by congestive heart failure, as well as preventing drug-related side effects in the treatment of influenza.[1,2] ACZ, being a class IV member of biopharmaceutics classification system, possesses limiting...
The onset of the 21st Century saw humanity witness a sudden rise in life expectancy with modern medical science being at the forefront of this change. Diseases once untreatable, are eradicated in a blink of an eye. A visible transition of people prioritizing modern dosage forms like tablets, capsules, syrups, creams, ointments, etc. rather than their trusty ayurvedic counterparts like...
Our current Study emphasized on Ovarian carcinoma, which has emerged as one of the most common cancer in females in recent times. One of the major problem of ovarian cancer is that it is difficult to be detected in the early stages of the disease. Many factors play a role in the development of ovarian cancer like environmental imbalance, lifestyle changes and changes in genetics of an...
In this modern world, antimicrobial resistance in the spectrum of antimicrobial drugs has become a major hurdle in the treatment of various infectious diseases. To solve this very situation, alternative strategies have been adopted, where natural resources are playing a major role. Honey is one of them which is not only used as food but also used in the treatment of various therapeutic...
Dysbiosis is the imbalance of the harmonious condition between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria in the gut where the amount of pathogen is unduly increased. Gut dysbiosis occurs due to high fat diet, poor sanitation, antibiotic consumptions and mode of birth and is the leading cause of different disorders like Inflammatory bowel disease, Irritable bowel syndrome and different metabolic...
Abstract:
The traditional formulations are collected from plant origins. These are susceptible to contamination from different sources also contains variations of chemical composition. Standardization of traditional formulations means confirmation of its purity,quality,and also identify their sources. Standardization of different formulation like asava-arista using various analytical...
Abstract: Polysaccharides are large carbohydrates molecules constituted by repeating monosaccharide units that are linked by glycosidic bond. Some polysaccharides are water soluble which dissolves in cold water such have branching structure leads to intermolecular attraction, and some are insoluble which dissolves in hot water having a linear chain. Solubility increases with the increase of...
Abstract
The aim of the current work is to develop a nitrogen doped fluorescent carbon dots from methanolic extract of Buchnania lanzan leaf and urea via a simple one pot microwave method. Methanolic extract of Buchnania lanzan leaf was obtained via cold maceration, which served as the precursor of carbon dots while urea was used as a nitrogen doping agent. The mixture was heated in a...
Abstract
Tissue engineering is the discipline that deals with the regeneration of damaged tissues. Nanofibers are the most acceptable substances for the regeneration of tissues because it mimics the Extracellular cellular matrix (ECM), so the cells can easily proliferate on it. Natural polysaccharides are used for the development of nanofibers because of their biocompatibility and...
Depression is a psychiatric disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. Depression affects mood, behavior and overall health. It is also called major depressive disorder or clinical depression. The main symptoms of depression are caused due to the functional deficiency of the brain monoaminergic transmitters norepinephrine (NE), 5-HT and Dopamine....
Abstract:
Breast cancer is the most widespread cancer and leading cause of death among women and very rarely in men. This constitutes the second most frequent non-skin type cancer and the fifth most prevalent cancer type. Every year, more than 1.5 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer. It typically develops from the breast's inner lining, more especially from its lobules, and over...
A high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of Lupeol and β- sitosterol in methanolic fraction of Achyranthes aspera leaves was developed. The separation of phytoconstituent was achieved using a mobile phase of toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (8:2:0.1, v/v/v). The densitometric determination was carried out at 550 and 525 nm...
Abstract
Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn. (Synonym: O. sanctum; Common name: Krishna Tulsi; Purple Basil) is a household herb of India which is traditionally revered for its diverse medicinal properties. Current study was designed to optimize the suitable plant part for maximum recovery of the polyphenols from this herb, to achieve maximum therapeutic benefits linked with its antioxidant and...
Idiopathic Pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) characterized by progressive scarring and stiffening of the lungs resulting in irreversible functional impairment followed by death if left untreated for 3-5 years. The impediments in understanding the underlying pathology of the fibrotic events and lack of knowledge about drug targets made the pathophysiology foggy, thus the drugs are being used double...